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These are interesting observations. I can see how fertilizing a harbour =
with sewage will increase its primary production and shift if from att=
ached plants (kelp, eelgrass, etc.) to phytoplankton. But I doubt that the =
unmentionables we flush down our toilets are directly available to=
0;seabirds and seals as food. The stuff forms local sewage upwellings (sewa=
ge is warm),  is dispersed by tidal currents, and broken down by decom=
posers, which eventually liberate the phosphates and nitrates...
<br/>Dusan Soudek
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On January 6, 2015 at 12:40 PM jen cooper <iffercooper@hotmail.com&#=
62; wrote:
<br/>
<br/>=20
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Hello all,=20
<br/>
<br/>I can't speak to Halifax Harbour but for comparison...=20
<br/>The Sydney side of Sydney harbour was fitted with wastewater infra=
structure within the last ten years. Since the diversion of wastewater the =
clusters of diving ducks and seals, have either left or are very obviously =
not as plentiful as they used to be. On the west side of the harbour where =
infrastructure is yet to come (but on the way!) ducks still frequent the ou=
tfalls.=20
<br/>
<br/>My two cents on why, are these:=20
<br/>
<br/>Wastewater does cause eutrophication, fertilizing plants and algae=
(an onwards up the web). Food availability would definatley be different a=
t outfalls than where there are none.=20
<br/>
<br/>Often times, here, the warmer water at outfalls causes openings in=
the ice. In some areas these are the only access points to the water.=20
<br/>
<br/>:) Jen=20
<br/>
<br/>
<br/>=20
<div>
<hr/>From: soudekd@ns.sympatico.ca
<br/>To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
<br/>Subject: Re: [NatureNS] Sewer Strolls: Before and After Harbour C=
leanup ?
<br/>Date: Sun, 4 Jan 2015 18:21:18 -0400
<br/>
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Joanne,
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   an excellent question. A broader one is what is it tha=
t attracts birds to the outfalls? The warm temperature of the discharge? it=
seems that a lot of the herring and great black-backed gulls that used to =
frequent the Point Pleasant Park outfalls were just bathing. Lots of preeni=
ng, wind fluttering, etc. is the attraction the fish that are themselves at=
tracted to this warm water? The sewage itself?
</div>=20
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   Dusan Soudek
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decoration: none;">=20
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</div>=20
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<strong>From:</strong>=20
Joanne Cook
</div>=20
<div>
<strong>Sent:</strong> Sunday, January 04, 2015 5:44 PM
</div>=20
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<strong>To:</strong>=20
<a href=3D"mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca">naturens@chebucto.ns.=
ca</a>
</div>=20
<div>
<strong>Subject:</strong> Re: [NatureNS] Sewer Strolls: Before a=
nd After Harbour Cleanup ?
</div>=20
</div>=20
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</div>=20
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decoration: none;">=20
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Dusan,
<br/>
<br/>
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lt">
I was wondering the same thing yesterday, and also wondering abou=
t the temperature of the current effluent, and what effects it has - if any=
- where it emerges.
<br/>
<br/>
</div>=20
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lt">
cheers,
</div>=20
<div style=3D"font-family: georgia,serif;" class=3D"ecxgmail_defau=
lt">
Joanne
</div>=20
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lt">
<br/>
<br/>
</div>=20
</div>=20
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<br style=3D"color: #009900;"/>
<span style=3D"color: #006600;">_______________________________=
_____</span>=20
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<strong><span style=3D"font-family: georgia,serif; color: #009=
900;"> </span></strong>
</div>=20
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<strong><span style=3D"font-family: georgia,serif; color: #009=
900;">Do not meddle with the Forces of Nature, for you are small, insignifi=
cant, and biodegradable.</span></strong>=20