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--047d7b2e4e3c3979480524c3b0fa Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi everyone, I found a good website with a very clear description of the potential benefits and hazards of the methane hydrate: http://worldoceanreview.com/en/wor-1/ocean-chemistry/climate-change-and-met= hane-hydrates/ What is being done about the risks? The last paragraph reads: "International scientific consortia are now being established involving researchers from various disciplines =E2=80=93 chemists, biologists, geolog= ists, geophysicists, meteorologists =E2=80=93 which are intensively addressing th= is problem. No one can yet say with certainty how the methane release in the Arctic will develop with global warming, either in the ocean or on the land. This research is still in its in=C2=ADfancy." [image: Textende] I could not find the year this report was published. Nancy On Mon, Nov 16, 2015 at 7:52 PM, David & Alison Webster <dwebster@glinx.com= > wrote: > Hi Steve & All, Nov 16, 2015 > Thanks for pointing me to this. I followed a link to 'Clathrate gun > hypothesis' which includes an interesting phase diagram for Methane Hydra= te > and Methane gas at various temperatures and pressures. The abscissa is > strange in that evenly spaced ticks variously represent increments of fro= m1 > to 6 back to 1 and then up to 3 degrees; an accordion abscissa. > But the significant message is clear; at sufficiently low pressures > Methane gas will be released from Methane Hydrate at temperatures as low = as > 0oC. > Kilopascals are no longer part of my vocabulary but starting with the > definition that 1 cm of water is equivalent to 98.06 Pascals and rounding > up; ten (10) Metres of water will be approximately equivalent to 1000 > Kilopascals. And because density of water is a maximum at 4oC (not sure h= ow > salinity would affect this) one would expect bottom sediments to usually = be > 4o or warmer. And from the graph, Methane at 4o C would be released at > depths less than about 40 metres. > A map in the NG issue shows temperature change between 1960 and 2014 a= s > colors ranging from green (cooler) through yellow, orange, and red to > black; black representing the greatest increase in temperature (unnumbere= d > pages 18 & 19). > > All of the bright red (>10oC increase) and black (~15oC increase) area= s > are north of the Arctic Circle. The black areas look like plumes of warmt= h > extending west from the shallows north of Svalbard and Novaya Zemlya. It > appears to me that the situation north of the Arctic Circle is a smoking > Clathrate Gun. I wonder how Methane/altitude profiles in the fall compare > with those in Temperate or Tropical areas. > Yt, Dave Webster, Kentville > ----- Original Message ----- From: "Stephen Shaw" <srshaw@Dal.Ca> > To: <naturens@chebucto.ns.ca> > Sent: Monday, November 16, 2015 12:53 PM > Subject: RE: [NatureNS] Little Ice Age; right. > > > Dave: Good reminder -- there's a bit of info at the end of the Wikipedia >> article on 'methane clathrates' (hydrates) that is worth a look. Two >> researchers in Sept 2013 in a 'Nature' offshoot reinforced Hansen's earl= ier >> warning, saying that the most likely cause of further strengthening of >> global warming is large scale future thawing of the Arctic permafrost. = The >> total amount in the sea is large but estimates range widely, while >> estimates of land-based methane hydrates are also large, of comparable >> value to the lower estimates of the marine deposits. >> Presumably these land deposits are mostly too thinly distributed to be >> extracted commercially before they eventually will escape during permafr= ost >> thawing, so no hope there. The article mentions an earlier land-based >> successful drilling exercise to release gas, but that was into a >> concentrated deposit in deeper rock in the MacKenzie River delta, not fr= om >> superficial permafrost. Recent info cited indicates that widespread >> release of marine derived methane is occurring around certain continenta= l >> margins. >> As you say, Earth may be on the way to being severely disrupted in the >> not too distant future. >> Steve >> ________________________________________ >> From: naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca [naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca] on >> behalf of David & Alison Webster [dwebster@glinx.com] >> Sent: Sunday, November 15, 2015 9:00 PM >> To: NatureNS@chebucto.ns.ca >> Subject: [NatureNS] Little Ice Age; right. >> >> Dear all, Nov 15, 2015 >> I just ran across an item on Facebook (tried to copy link but got a >> page >> full) which featured activities of John Coleman, a global warming denier= , >> who claims that the sea is not rising, that we are entering a Little Ice >> Age >> etc, etc. Total hogwash but I expect many will swallow this sugar-coated >> poison pill. >> I may be repeating myself but the Nov issue of National Geographic is >> entirely about climate change. Greenland is facing a near future in whic= h >> traditional native culture will not be able to exist; communities are >> isolated and unable to hunt except during periods of firm ice and this >> will >> soon be transient or absent. >> But I find it unsettling that I have seen no mention or Methane hydra= te >> in the last 5-10 years because, logically, it feeds the main feedback lo= op >> which powers unusual surges in warming. If this source of Methane is not >> used before it is released in significant amounts then I think we are >> toast. >> Are all researchers or all of the research funds chasing the carbon >> puck >> and ignoring Methane hydrate ? Or is the news too dire to leak to the >> press >> ? Or have I just not tripped across recent Methane Hydrate articles ? >> >> Yt, Dave Webster Kentville >> >> >> >> ----- >> No virus found in this message. >> Checked by AVG - www.avg.com >> Version: 2016.0.7227 / Virus Database: 4460/11010 - Release Date: 11/16/= 15 >> >> > --047d7b2e4e3c3979480524c3b0fa Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable <div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div><div><div>Hi everyone,<br><br></div>I found a go= od website with a very clear description of the potential benefits and=C2= =A0 hazards of the methane hydrate:<br><br><a href=3D"http://worldoceanrevi= ew.com/en/wor-1/ocean-chemistry/climate-change-and-methane-hydrates/" targe= t=3D"_blank">http://worldoceanreview.com/en/wor-1/ocean-chemistry/climate-c= hange-and-methane-hydrates/</a><br&