[NatureNS] sparrows

Date: Fri, 20 Nov 2015 13:00:26 -0400 (AST)
From: "rita.paul@ns.sympatico.ca" <rita.paul@ns.sympatico.ca>
To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
References: <990B3EE94E8A61448C998FEBAEAFC0241F0987A7@HCXDSPM2.ca.lmco.com>
Importance: Medium
Precedence: bulk
Return-Path: <naturens-mml-owner@chebucto.ns.ca>
Original-Recipient: rfc822;"| (cd /csuite/info/Environment/FNSN/MList; /csuite/lib/arch2html)"

next message in archive
next message in thread
previous message in archive
previous message in thread
Index of Subjects

libri&amp;quot;,sans-serif;color:#1F497D"&gt;&lt;o:p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&l
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org=
/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html xmlns=3D"http://www.w3.org/1999/xht=
ml"><head>
    <meta content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUTF-8" http-equiv=3D"Content-Type=
"/>
=20
  <style type=3D"text/css"><!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face  {font-fa=
mily: Batang;  }
 @font-face  {font-family: "Cambria Math";  }
 @font-face  {font-family: Calibri;  }
 @font-face  {font-family: "\@Batang";  }
 /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  {margin:=
 0in;  margin-bottom: .0001pt;  font-size: 12.0pt;  font-family: "Times New=
 Roman",serif;}
 a:link, span.MsoHyperlink  {  color: #0563C1;  text-decoration: underline;=
}
 a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed  {  color: #954F72;  text-decoration:=
 underline;}
 span.EmailStyle17  {  font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif;  color: #1F497D;}
 .MsoChpDefault  {  font-size: 10.0pt;}
 @page WordSection1  {  margin: 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}
 div.WordSection1  {}
 --></style>
=20
 </head><body style=3D"">
=20
  <div>
   <span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">Well Lance, around horses and cows in t=
he old</span>
  </div>=20
  <div>
   <span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">days there was no shortage of Insects a=
nd other Anthropods during</span>
  </div>=20
  <div>
   <span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">the sparrows breeding season!<br/></spa=
n>
  </div>=20
  <div>
   <span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">At times people complain to me about Bl=
ack Flies, Mosquitos<br/></span>
  </div>=20
  <div>
   <span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">and so on - I hardly notice them. Well =
conditioned to them am I!<br/></span>
  </div>=20
  <div>
   <span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">Enjoy November - insect free!<br/></spa=
n>
  </div>=20
  <div>
   <span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">Paul<br/></span>
  </div>=20
  <div>
   <span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">&#160;</span>
  </div>=20
  <blockquote style=3D"padding-left: 10px; margin-left: 0px; border-left-co=
lor: blue; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; position: rela=
tive;" type=3D"cite">
   <!-- [if gte mso 9]> -->
   <!-- <![endif] -->
   <!-- [if gte mso 9]> -->
   <!-- <![endif] --> On November 20, 2015 at 11:26 AM &#34;Laviolette, Lan=
ce&#34; &#60;lance.laviolette@lmco.com&#62; wrote:
   <br/>
   <br/>=20
   <div class=3D"WordSection1">=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Hi Peter,</span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">&#160;</span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">There are undoubtedly a number =
of factors contributing to the decline of House Sparrows. However one facto=
r which has been pointed out by studies in the UK is a reduction in the abu=
ndance of insects for nestlings. Whatever the cause in the decline in insec=
t numbers (pesticides, predators, climate change, etc.), the hypothesis goe=
s that less insects mean less protein for the young which results in less h=
ealthy young fledging from the nest. These less fit birds don=E2=80=99t sur=
vive very well in harsher, winter conditions. </span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">&#160;</span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">The reason European Starlings a=
re not declining may be attributed to their diet also. From the Birds of No=
rth America accounts:</span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">&#160;</span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">House Sparrow - Insects and oth=
er arthropods during breeding season.</span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">European Starling - Extremely d=
iverse diet that varies geographically, with the age of individuals, and wi=
th season. Unusual abundances of food items=E2=80=A6 garbage, livestock fee=
d, etc. are also exploited.</span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">&#160;</span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">The diverse diet of starlings g=
ives them a big edge when trying to survive and fledge healthy young in are=
as where no one food type is sufficient by itself.</span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">&#160;</span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">As Paul mentioned, House Sparro=
ws used to be seen closely associated with cows and horses and they still a=
re. However most of the large animal operations have now been replaced with=
 intensive agricultural crop raising farms. I=E2=80=99d call the resulting =
corn and soya fields deserts compared to the diversity rich pastures and =
=E2=80=98wild=E2=80=99 hay fields that used to be common even 20 years ago =
except deserts are much richer in diversity. House Sparrows have gone from =
being abundant and wide-spread to being locally common over that time. In m=
y area in summer they are now focused almost exclusively around the few hor=
se stabling operations that we have. In winter they show up at my feeders.<=
/span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">&#160;</span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: #1f497d; font-family: &#39=
;Calibri&#39;,sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;"&g