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Hi Steve & All, Dec 18, 2015
I suppose nearly everyone is bored with this by now but fortunately =
all have a delete button. The only date I see is 'the 1990s' so I have =
to assume that all of their statistics refer to this decade.
Quoting again the figures from that site: 450,000 km 1990s total, =
121,000 km lost by then and of the total remaining 190,000 km are =
ancient and species rich which implies that (571-190) are not ancient =
and species rich.
=20
It is my understanding that, in large areas of UK countryside, the =
original woodland flora is found only in ancient well-maintained =
hedgerows. [I read this somewhere decades ago].=20
If this understanding is correct then the relevant figures are 571 =
and 190 and the proportion of functional hedgerows lost by the 1990s is =
1-(190/571)=3D 0.66; i.e. 66% of functional hedgerows lost by the 1990s.
Yt, DW, Kentville=20
----- Original Message -----=20
From: Stephen Shaw=20
To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca=20
Sent: Thursday, December 17, 2015 7:53 PM
Subject: Re: [NatureNS] UK Butterflies decline
To quantify Dave=92s comment a bit more from the same useful source =
that he has dug up (cited again below): 450,000 km of hedgerows were =
left by the 1990s, and 121,000 km had been lost, so the total aboriginal =
length in, say, the Middle Ages would have been ~571,000 km. A loss of =
121,000 km by the 1990s therefore represents a ~21.2 percent loss of the =
total original hedgerow in UK. Of the current remainder, 190,000 km are =
estimated to be species rich and =91ancient=92. =20
=20
Unusefully, the article doesn=92t say whether the losses have been =
concentrated more on the species rich hedgerows. If this were so, the =
losses of this superior habitat would have been greater than 21%. The =
poor condition of even the remaining hedgerow is attributed to excessive =
use of fertilizer and pesticides in intensive farming, and decline in =
traditional management practices. This article concerns hedgerows, and =
doesn=92t touch on the massive deforestation in much of the UK, to fuel =
such early practices as charcoal production for iron smelting.=20
On a comparative technical point, we've also been back several times =
in the last few years, using rental cars in England, Scotland and Wales. =
At least as the main driver, I couldn=92t hazard a guess at the state =
of the hedgerows because even though UK major road surfaces are =
generally much better maintained than here, traffic density and speed =
there in England at least is frightening these days, such that loss of =
attention for even a second or two to view the scenery would likely lead =
to annihilation. Parking a car on the side of the road is often now =
difficult to almost impossible, even in small villages. Next time I =
think we had better take a bus tour. =20
Steve (Hfx) =20
On Dec 17, 2015, at 10:32 AM, David & Alison Webster =
<dwebster@glinx.com> wrote:
Thanks Peter,
Perceived loss may depend upon the time frame involved and the =
specific area. According to =
http://www.wildlifetrusts.org/wildlife/habitats/hedgerows
some 121,000 km of hedgerows had been lost in the UK by the 1990.
This may be small or large relative to the total remaining; not =
sure.
I would expect the impact of habitat shrinkage on a population =
to frequently be delayed until some other factor, e.g. adverse weather, =
caused a dramatic decline in numbers. In such circumstances, sparse =
habitat, could readily preclude recovery.
Yt, Dave Webster, Kentville
----- Original Message -----
From: Hubcove@aol.com
To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
Sent: Wednesday, December 16, 2015 9:07 PM
Subject: Re: [NatureNS] UK Butterflies decline
In our frequent visits to the UK we haven't noticed much decline =
in hedgerows, probably because there are quite strict regulation =
governing their removal
Peter Stow
Hubbards
In a message dated 2015-12-16 8:32:43 P.M. Atlantic Standard Time, =
dwebster@glinx.com writes:
Hi Steve & All, Dec 16, 2015
It seems odd that there was no mention of the obvious; loss =
of hedgerows by consolidation of fields and crop specialization which =
would surely imply for some species not only loss of habitat but habitat =
fragmentation.
Yt, DW, Kentville=20
----- Original Message -----
From: Stephen Shaw
To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
Sent: Wednesday, December 16, 2015 6:38 PM
Subject: [NatureNS] UK Butterflies decline
Continuing an earlier thread, this short Guardian article =
summarizes a robust increase in a few, but drastic decline in many =
species, in UK. Causes unknown but pesticides and climate change among =
suspects fingered. =20
Steve (Hfx)
Begin forwarded message:
Subject: UK Butterflies decline
Date: December 15, 2015 at 11:57:09 AM AST
=
http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/dec/15/decline-in-over-three-=
quarters-uk-butterfly-species-final-warning-says-chris-packham?utm_source=
=3Desp&utm_medium=3DEmail&utm_campaign=3DGU+Today+main+Charity+appeal+151=
215&utm_term=3D143781&subid=3D14439812&CMP=3DEMCNEWEML6619I
No virus found in this message.
Checked by AVG - www.avg.com
Version: 2016.0.7294 / Virus Database: 4483/11175 - Release =
Date: 12/14/15
No virus found in this message.
Checked by AVG - www.avg.com
Version: 2016.0.7294 / Virus Database: 4483/11175 - Release Date: =
12/14/15
No virus found in this message.
Checked by AVG - www.avg.com
Version: 2016.0.7294 / Virus Database: 4489/11199 - Release Date: =
12/17/15
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charset="Windows-1252"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META content=3D"text/html; charset=3DWindows-1252" =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META name=3DGENERATOR content=3D"MSHTML 8.00.6001.23588">
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY=20
style=3D"WORD-WRAP: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space"=20
bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>Hi Steve & All, =
=20
=
Dec=20
18, 2015</DIV>
<DIV> I suppose nearly everyone is bored with this by =
now but=20
fortunately all have a delete button. The only date I see is 'the =
1990s' so=20
I have to assume that all of their statistics refer to this=20
decade.</DIV>
<DIV> Quoting again the figures from that site: =
450,000 km=20
1990s total, 121,000 km lost by then and of the total remaining 190,000 =
km are=20
ancient and species rich which implies that (571-190) are not ancient =
and=20
species rich.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> It is my understanding that, in large =
areas of=20
UK countryside, the original woodland flora is found only =
in ancient=20
well-maintained hedgerows. [I read this somewhere decades ago]. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> If this understanding is correct then =
the=20
relevant figures are 571 and 190 and the proportion of functional =
hedgerows lost=20
by the 1990s is 1-(190/571)=3D 0.66; i.e. 66% of functional =
hedgerows lost by=20
the 1990s.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Yt, DW, Kentville </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; =
PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"=20
dir=3Dltr>
<DIV=20
style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: =
black"><B>From:</B>=20
<A title=3Dsrshaw@Dal.Ca href=3D"mailto:srshaw@Dal.Ca">Stephen =
Shaw</A> </DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A =
title=3Dnaturens@chebucto.ns.ca=20
href=3D"mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca">naturens@chebucto.ns.ca</A> =
</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, December 17, =
2015 7:53=20
PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: [NatureNS] UK =
Butterflies=20
decline</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>To quantify Dave=92s comment a bit more from the same =
useful=20
source that he has dug up (cited again below): 450,000 km of =
hedgerows=20
were left by the 1990s, and 121,000 km had been lost, so the total =
aboriginal=20
length in, say, the Middle Ages would have been ~571,000 km. A =
loss of=20
121,000 km by the 1990s therefore represents a ~21.2 percent loss of =
the total=20
original hedgerow in UK. Of the current remainder, 190,000 km =
are=20
estimated to be species rich and =91ancient=92. =20
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Unusefully, the article doesn=92t say whether the losses have =
been=20
concentrated more on the species rich hedgerows. If this were =
so, the=20
losses of this superior habitat would have been greater than 21%. =
The=20
poor condition of even the remaining hedgerow is attributed to =
excessive use=20
of fertilizer and pesticides in intensive farming, and decline in =
traditional=20
management practices. This article concerns hedgerows, and =
doesn=92t=20
touch on the massive deforestation in much of the UK, to fuel such =
early=20
practices as charcoal production for iron smelting. </DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>On a comparative technical point, we've also been back several =
times in=20
the last few years, using rental cars in England, Scotland and Wales. =
At=20
least as the main driver, I couldn=92t hazard a guess at the state of =
the=20
hedgerows because even though UK major road surfaces are generally =
much better=20
maintained than here, traffic density and speed there in England at =
least is=20
frightening these days, such that loss of attention for even a second =
or two=20
to view the scenery would likely lead to annihilation. Parking a =
car on=20
the side of the road is often now difficult to almost impossible, even =
in=20
small villages. Next time I think we had better take a bus tour. =
</DIV>
<DIV>Steve (Hfx) </DIV>
<DIV><BR>
<DIV>
<DIV>On Dec 17, 2015, at 10:32 AM, David & Alison Webster <<A=20
href=3D"mailto:dwebster@glinx.com">dwebster@glinx.com</A>> =
wrote:</DIV><BR=20
class=3DApple-interchange-newline>
<BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite">
<DIV=20
style=3D"TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; TEXT-INDENT: 0px; FONT: 10pt Arial; =
WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; =
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"=20
id=3Drole_body bgcolor=3D"#ffffff" topmargin=3D"7" rightmargin=3D"7" =
leftmargin=3D"7"=20
bottommargin=3D"7">
<DIV><FONT size=3D3>Thanks Peter,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D3> Perceived loss may depend =
upon the time=20
frame involved and the specific area. According to <A=20
=
href=3D"http://www.wildlifetrusts.org/wildlife/habitats/hedgerows">http:/=
/www.wildlifetrusts.org/wildlife/habitats/hedgerows</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D3>some 121,000 km of hedgerows had been lost in =
the UK by=20
the 1990.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D3> This may be small =
or large=20
relative to the total remaining; not sure.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D3> I would expect the impact of =
habitat=20
shrinkage on a population to frequently be=20
delayed</FONT> <FONT size=3D3>until some other factor, e.g. =
adverse=20
weather, caused a dramatic decline in numbers. In such=20
circumstances, sparse habitat, could readily=20
preclude recovery.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D3></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=3D3> Yt, Dave Webster,=20
Kentville</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: rgb(0,0,0) 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; =
PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"=20
dir=3Dltr>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message -----</DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(228,228,228); FONT: 10pt =
arial"><B>From:</B><SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN><A =
title=3DHubcove@aol.com=20
href=3D"mailto:Hubcove@aol.com">Hubcove@aol.com</A></DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B><SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN><A =
title=3Dnaturens@chebucto.ns.ca=20
=
href=3D"mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca">naturens@chebucto.ns.ca</A></DIV>=
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B><SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN>Wednesday, December 16, =
2015 9:07=20
PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B><SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN>Re: [NatureNS] UK =
Butterflies=20
decline</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV><FONT id=3Drole_document size=3D2 face=3DArial>
<DIV>In our frequent visits to the UK we haven't noticed much =
decline in=20
hedgerows, probably because there are quite strict regulation =
governing=20
their removal</DIV>
<DIV>Peter Stow</DIV>
<DIV>Hubbards</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 2015-12-16 8:32:43 P.M. Atlantic Standard=20
Time,<SPAN class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN><A=20
href=3D"mailto:dwebster@glinx.com">dwebster@glinx.com</A><SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN>writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; =
MARGIN-LEFT: 5px"><FONT=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" size=3D2 face=3DArial>
<DIV>Hi Steve & All, =20
=20
Dec 16, 2015</DIV>
<DIV> It seems odd that there was no mention =
of the=20
obvious; loss of hedgerows by consolidation of fields and crop=20
specialization which would surely imply for some =
species not=20
only loss of habitat but habitat fragmentation.</DIV>
<DIV> Yt, DW, Kentville </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"BORDER-LEFT: rgb(0,0,0) 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; =
PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"=20
dir=3Dltr>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message =
-----</DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(228,228,228); FONT: 10pt =
arial"><B>From:</B><SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN><A =
title=3Dmailto:srshaw@Dal.Ca=20
href=3D"mailto:srshaw@Dal.Ca">Stephen Shaw</A></DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B><SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN><A=20
title=3Dmailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca=20
=
href=3D"mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca">naturens@chebucto.ns.ca</A></DIV>=
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B><SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN>Wednesday, December =
16, 2015=20
6:38 PM</DIV>
<DIV style=3D"FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B><SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN>[NatureNS] UK =
Butterflies=20
decline</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>Continuing an earlier thread, this short =
Guardian=20
article summarizes a robust increase in a few, but drastic =
decline in=20
many species, in UK. Causes unknown but pesticides and =
climate=20
change among suspects fingered. =20
<DIV>Steve (Hfx)<BR>
<DIV apple-content-edited=3D"true"><BR></DIV>
<DIV><BR>
<DIV>Begin forwarded message:</DIV><BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite">
<DIV style=3D"MARGIN: 0px"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica"><B>Subject:<SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN></B></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica"><B>UK Butterflies=20
decline</B><BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV style=3D"MARGIN: 0px"><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica"><B>Date:<SPAN=20
class=3DApple-converted-space> </SPAN></B></SPAN><SPAN=20
style=3D"FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica">December 15, 2015 at =
11:57:09 AM=20
AST</SPAN></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE><BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite">
<DIV dir=3Dltr><A=20
=
title=3Dhttp://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/dec/15/decline-in-ove=
r-three-quarters-uk-butterfly-species-final-warning-says-chris-packham?ut=
m_source=3Desp&utm_medium=3DEmail&utm_campaign=3DGU+Today+main+Ch=
arity+appeal+151215&utm_term=3D143781&subid=3D14439812&CMP=3D=
EMCNEWEML6619I=20
=
href=3D"http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/dec/15/decline-in-ove=
r-three-quarters-uk-butterfly-species-final-warning-says-chris-packham?ut=
m_source=3Desp&utm_medium=3DEmail&utm_campaign=3DGU+Today+main+Ch=
arity+appeal+151215&utm_term=3D143781&subid=3D14439812&CMP=3D=
EMCNEWEML6619I">http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/dec/15/declin=
e-in-over-three-quarters-uk-butterfly-species-final-warning-says-chris-pa=
ckham?utm_source=3Desp&utm_medium=3DEmail&utm_campaign=3DGU+Today=
+main+Charity+appeal+151215&utm_term=3D143781&subid=3D14439812&am=
p;CMP=3DEMCNEWEML6619I</A></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE><BR></DIV><BR></DIV><A></A>
<P align=3Dleft avgcert??=3D"">No virus found in this =
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href=3D"http://www.avg.com/">www.avg.com</A><BR>Version: =
2016.0.7294 /=20
Virus Database: 4483/11175 - Release Date:=20
=
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