Index: Latin Wordlist of Assorted Herbs, Spices, Plants & Misc. Foodstuffs


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I N D E X

[ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] [ E ] [ F ] [ G ]
[ H ] [ I ] [ J ] [ K ] [ L ] [ M ] [ N ]
[ O ] [ P ] [ Q ] [ R ] [ S ] [ T ] [ U ] [ V ] [ W ] [ X ] [ Y ] [ Z ]
[ Abbreviations & Symbols ]
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A, a

abiritus
poppy, common
abrotonum, -i, (neut.); also, abrotanum
southern-wood, an aromatic herb
abrotonus, -i, (fem.)
southern-wood, an aromatic herb
abs
quill-cassia
absinthiatus
absinthe, made of
absinthium, -i, (neut.)
wormwood, absinth(e)
Lucretius, Cassell
abussusi
centaury
acalephe
stinging-nettle
acanthus, -i, (masc.)
bear's foot, a plant; a thorny evergreen Egyptian tree
P. Vergilius Maro, Cassell
allium, -ii, (neut.)
garlic
Allium sativum
Pliny, Cassell
amaranthus
blite
Amaranthus blitum
Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.490, list of alimenta, Vol. I
ambubeia; [also see: intubus]
chicory, endive
ammi
ammi (cultivated)
Carum copticum; from Egypt (?)
listed as a spice, J.I. Miller, pp.28, 112
'ammi', a term used by the Greeks, may be what was called
Royal Cumin (as called by Hippocrates, Miller p.106) or
Ethiopian Cumin which is supposedly different from the
Egyptian variety, Carum copticum; what was called Royal Cumin
was said to have a sweeter smell than Carum copticum
or what was cultivated cumin
ammoniace
ammoniace
Ferula marmarica (Aschers et Taub.)
Habitat: Libya
J.I. Miller, p.112
anchusa
anchusa
Anchusa tinctoria
anesum, -i, (neut.)
aniseed in hydromel
anetum, -i, (neut.)
dill, anise
anethum, -i, (neut.)
dill, anise
Anethum graveolens
anisum, -i, (neut.)
anis
(?) Pimpinella anisum
Celsus
anthemis
chamomile
(?) Anthemis nobilis (L.)
apiacus, -a, -um, adj.
like parsley
Cato, Cassell
apium, -ii, (neut.)
parsley, celery, celery (cultivated)
Petrosolinum sativum & Apium graveolens
Horace, Cassell
apsinthium
wormwood
Artemisia absinthium (L.)
apsinthium Romanum
Roman vermouth
arida iris
dried orris root
armala; [ = harmala]; [also see: harmala]
a kind of wild rue
Dioscorides, A. Souter, p.169
arnion; [ = arnoglossa]; [also see: arnoglossa; arnoglossos]
plantain; hare's-foot plantain
A. Souter, p.23
arnoglossa, -ae; [also see: arnion; arnoglossos]
plantain; hare's-foot plantain
A. Souter, p.23
arnoglossos, -us; [also see: arnion; arnoglossa]
plantain; hare's-foot plantain
A. Souter, p.23
arnon
lamb
A. Souter, p.23
aroclite
kind of myrrh; an error for TROGLITAE
Visigothic?, A. Souter, p.23
arpagon
a kind of plaster
Oribasius
A. Souter, p.23
arpopria
climbing ivy
Dacian, A. Souter, p.23
artaba, -ae
an Egyptian measure of varying capacity
Greek(?), A. Souter, p.23
artemonion
a herb used as an eye salve
Dioscorides
A. Souter, p.23
artomeli
plaster or poultice of bread and honey
A. Souter, p.23
artophacion
a bread & lentil plaster
Soran
A. Souter, p.23
asaer
plantain
Egyptian, A. Souter, p.23
asarum, [also see: 'bacchar' and wild nard]
nard, kind of
J.I. Miller, p.11
asifolium
dog's tooth grass
A. Souter, p.24
asintrophon
bramble
A. Souter, p.24
aspalathus
aspalathus, Camel's thorn
Alhaji camelorum (Fisch.)
J.I. Miller
asparagus, -i, (masc.)
asparagus
Asparagus acutifolius
Celsus (de medicina), Spencer; Suet., Cassell
asphodelus
astragalus
Asphodelus ramosus (L.)
J.I. Miller
auiola
houseleek
auliscus
small pipe, catheter
A. Souter p.26
aura
feverfew
A. Souter p.26
aurugino; also auruginosus
suffer from jaundice
A. Souter p.26
austeralis
bergamot mint
autogenes
narcissus
axungio
to rub c swine's fat or other grease
azila
hound's-tongue
Dacian, A. Souter p.27
azirchalbe
calf's-snout
Punic, A. Souter p.27
azirgunzol
vervain(?)
Punic, A. Souter p.27

Go [Index]

B, b

bacunum
cabage, cabbage-seed
A. Souter p.27
baccar, -aris, neut
Celtic Valerian, a plant which yielded a kind of oil,
=nardum rusticum, =nardum gallicum, =saliunca
Valeriana Celtica
J.I. Miller
baccaris, -is, (fem.)
Celtic Valerian, a plant which yielded a kind of oil,
=nardum rusticum, =nardum gallicum, =saliunca
Valeriana Celtica
J.I. Miller
bacchar, -aris, (neut.)
bacchar, Celtic Valerian, a plant which yielded a kind of oil,
=nardum rusticum, =nardum gallicum, =saliunca
(?): Valeriana Celtica; Gnaphalium sanguineum (J.I. Miller)
baditis
water-lily
bahem
palm-rod
baia, -ae
palm-leaf
balanus
balanite
Balanites aegyptiaca
balsamum
balsam (cultivated)
Commiphora opobalsamum
beta, -ae, (fem.)
beet, vegetable
Beta maritima
Cicero, Cassell
bibo
scurvy-grass; water plantain
A. Souter, p.30
bicamine
of pine
Dioscorides, A. Souter, p.30
bisasa
wild rue
A. Souter, p. 30
bissanica
cyclamen (?)
A. Souter, p. 30
bissola
horehound
A. Souter, p. 30
blatos (also, blastos)
cassia
Dioscorides, A. Souter
borith
a grassy plant used by fullers, soap
Hebrew, A. Souter, p. 31
bos
bouis lingua; bugloss
A. Souter, p. 31
bubalion
a kind of cucumber
borith
a grassy plant used by fullers, soap
Hebrew, A. Souter, p.31
bos = bouis lingua
bugloss
brassica
cabbage
Brassica Cretica
brassicae folia
cabbage-leaves
bricumus
wormwood
brucos
maidenhair
brumaria
leontopodion, leontopetalon
bubalion
cucumber, kind of
budama
bugloss
bulbulus
onion, a small bulb
burion
calf's-snout
butomos
sedge
bututzim
cabbage
byrfira
plaster, name of a

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C, c

Caeciliana
a specific type of lettuce
Pliny, Historia Naturalis, Liber xxviii
caerefolium
chervil
Anthriscus cerefolium
J.I. Miller
calaminthe
calamint
calamus odoratus
sweet cane
calion
henbane
calliomarcus
herb useful against a cough
A. Souter, p. 36
capparis
caper-bush, caper (buds of Capparis spinosa)
Capparis spinosa (L.)
capriolique vitium
vine-tendril
careum
caraway
Carum carvi (L.)
spice, Miller
casiae, -ae, (fem.)
cassia, casia
Celsus; Spencer
cathamintha agria
calamintha (error for)
A. Souter, p. 43
cepa
onion
Alium cepa
cepa ascalonia (?)
shallot
Allium asacalonium (L.)
cepa pallacana
chive, (French: civette)(?)
cepulla
chibol
Allium fistulosum (L.)
cerasia
cherries
cilium
egg yolk
Soran
A. Souter, p. 50
cinnamomum, -i, (neut.)
cinnamon
Ovid, Cassell
cinnamum, -i, (neut.)
cinnamon
Ovid, Cassell
cinnus
a mixed drink; cocktail?
A. Souter, p. 50
cinocardamon
'nasturtium'
A. Souter, p. 50
cinocefalion
calf's-snout
A. Souter, p. 50
cinoplasmus
facial paralysis; corruption for cynicus spasmus ?
A. Souter, p. 50
cnicus
safflower, Bastard Saffron
Carthamus tinctorius (L.)
Habitat: Eastern Mediterranean
J.I. Miller
colubriae, -ae (fem.)
edderwort
A. Souter p.60
comacum
nutmeg, perhaps (?)
coriandrum
coriander
Coriandrum sativum
crethmos, (fem.)
samphire, rock fennel
Crithmum maritimum (L.)
Creticum; [also see: phu]
a nard, Pontic nard - Valeriana dioscoridis (?)
'another wild nard' - Valeriana phu (L.)
J.I. Miller, p.116
crocus, -i, (masc.)
saffron, used in medicines, as a spice and in perfumes
Celsus, Spencer; Ovid, Cassell
crocum, -i, (neut.)
saffron, used in medicines, as a spice and in perfumes
Celsus, SpencerOvid, Cassell
cyma
turnip-tops
Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I

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D, d

dactylus
peony
Dioscorides
delphinacius
of larkpur; of dolphin flower
Souter ?
dolua
the plant rocket
Keltic, A. Souter, p. 112
dodra, -ae
a drink of 9 (nine) ingredients - (medicinal?)
A. Souter, p. 112
dorcadion
bastard dittany
Greek, A Souter, p. 113
dropacismus,
application of pitch-plaster?
used as counter irritant
A. Souter, p. 113
duramen
a hardening medicine ?
A. Souter, p.115: Chiron
dysosmos
garlic germander
Greek, A. Souter, p. 115

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E, e

elelisphacos
salvia
Salvia trilobs (L.)
erysimum
hedge mustard
esibilis
suitable for food
A. Souter, p.129
ethuc
maidenhair
Egyptian, A. Souter, p.129

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F, f

faba, -ae, (fem.)
bean
facoides
sea-heath
Greek
Discorides, A. Souter, p. 143
facon
lentil, pulse
Greek
Discorides, A. Souter, p. 143
f(a)ecula
wild chevil
Discorides, A. Souter, p. 143
far
barley
A. Souter, p.291
farfaria, -ae
colt's-foot
Discorides, A. Souter, p. 143
farneus [Also, farnvs]
an uncertain tree ?
Apicius, A. Souter, p. 144
febricito
be raving mad
A. Souter, p. 145
febrifug(i?)a
lesser centaury, feverfew, Erythraea centaurium
A. Souter, p. 145
ferulago
deadly carrot
ferularis
of the giant fennel
feuxicterus
birthwort
ficulnea
fig-tree
ficus, -i, (masc.)
fig
Celsus, Spencer
figus; [also see: phegus]
oak
A. Souter
flado
kind of cake
flammus
mullein
foeniculum
fenugreek, fennel
Trigonella foenum-graecum
folium
nard leaf, perhaps
folium pentasphaerum
nard-leaf, perhaps
J.I. Miller, p.25
folitis
hart's-tongue
fragum, -i, (neut.)
strawberry

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G, g

garismatium
fish-sauce factory
gelea
wild gourd
gentiaca = gentiana
gentian
Dioscorides
geminalis
culivated sage, clary
gerontea, -ae,
groundsel
Greek
ges omfalos
navelwort, cotyledon
Greek
gigarus
edderwort
Gallic
gilarus, (-um?)
thyme
Gallic
gingidion
pepperwort
Dioscorides
git; gith; gicti
black cumin, gith, fitches
Nigella sativa (L.)
Habitat: Eastern Mediterranean
J.I. Miller, p.113
gladiatoria, -ae, (fem.)
pondweed
glandinum
oil made of acorns
Dioscorides
glano = glanx
acorn
glaucia, -ae
sweet new wine
Dioscorides
glaucium
fleabane
Greek
glechon
fleabane; catmint
Greek
glius
gum
Greek,
Dioscorides, A. Souter, p.163
glycia, (-ea)
name of a drug
Greek
glycyrrhizeticus (adj.)
of liquorice
Dioscorides
glycys
new wine
(?)Pliny
Greek
glys = glavx
wart cress
Dioscorides
gomos = perhaps miswriting of zomos (A. Souter, p.163)
soup, sauce
Greek

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H, h

harmala
a kind of wild rue
A. Souter, p. 169
helcine
pellitory
A. Souter, p. 170
heleomoloche
marsh-mallow
heleosparagus
kind of asparagus
(h)epatites, -es (or, -ae)
kind of aloes of liver shape, used as a drug
A. Souter, p. 171
(h)epatitis, -dos
kind of aloes of liver shape, used as a drug
A. Souter, p. 171
hepatus, -i, masc.
fish of uncertain identity
Greek
A. Souter, p. 171
(h)eraclea
vervain, plant
A. Souter, p. 172
herbacanthus
species of bear's-foot with spinous leaves initated in the Corthinian capital
A. Souter, p. 172
herba muralis
pellitory = what the Greeks called parthenion or perdeikion
Bachelor's button, pellitory
also see: pyrethrum (Pyrethrum parthenion)
Celsus, Spencer, p. 492
herba sanguinalis
blood herb; what the Greeks called 'polygonon'(?)
herbae mirabiles
magic herbs used against sickness
herbago
pondweed
A. Souter, p. 172
(h)erbaria, -ae, (fem.)
fodder; woman who deals with herbs, witch
A. Souter, p. 172
herbarium
a herbal
A. Souter, p. 172
herbularia
bindweed(?)
A. Souter, p. 172
herbulum; [also heru-]
groundsel
A. Souter, p. 172
herburgius
a curse
A. Souter, p. 172
hibernalis
house leek; (adj. = wintry)
A. Souter, p. 173
hiera; [also see: hiera, hieron and hieros plus combinations]
vervain (holy)
A. Souter, p. 174
hiera obotane; [also see: hiera, hieron and hieros plus combinations]
vervain (holy)
A. Souter, p. 174
hiera nosos; [also see: hiera, hieron and hieros plus combinations]
epilepsy
A. Souter, p. 174
hieranthemis
earth-apple; chamomile
A. Souter, p. 173
hieraticus, -a, -um (adj.);[also: ieraticus]
used by priests; name? of a plaster (but what type, medical or construction ?)
A. Souter, p. 173
hieribulbum
a plant used for arthritis and freckles
A. Souter, p. 173
hieron ossum, [also: hiera, hieron; hiera = gera(?)]
the os sacrum
A. Souter, p. 174
hieros, [also: hiera, hieron; hiera = gera(?)]
a purgative
A. Souter, p. 174
hieros obotane
vervain (holy)
A. Souter, p. 174
hilisirica; [also see: iris Illyrica]
iris
A. Souter, p. 174
himeros
dried grapes, raisins
A. Souter, p. 174
hippoglossa
a plant, literally: horse's tongue
A. Souter, p. 174
hippomanes
an aphrodisiac, maidenhair(?)
A. Souter, p. 174
hippophyes
spurge, a kind of
A. Souter, p. 174
hirundinina
a plant, eryngo; swallowwort; the greater celandine
A. Souter, p. 174
hirundo
chestnut; callosity on foreleg of horse
A. Souter, p. 174
hoclamsani
name of a plant (?)
A. Souter, p. 175
holocyron
ground pine
A. Souter, p. 175
holus
a vegetable; figuratively, under the influence of (?)
A. Souter, p. 175
holusatrum = holus atrum
parsley; (Cretan) alexanders: A. Souter, p. 175
Smyrnium holusatrum (L.): J.I. Miller, p. 112
hordiacius
barley bread(?)
hordior (v.)
suffer indigestion from excess of barley diet
A. Souter, p. 176
hortaria, -ae
pimento
Apicus
A. Souter, p. 176

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I, i

ilex, -icis (fem.)
holm oak, evergreen
intubus
chichory, endive
Chichorium intybus
ioselinon
ranunculus
iotta
curdled milk of a hen (?)
A. Souter, p. 219
ipa
rice
ireos
cassia, a valuable hot spice
iris Illyrica
a type of iris
A. Souter, p 220, later abbreviated (h)ilisirica
iscordoprasson
garlic-leek
isex (probably = esox)
salmon
Pliny, A. Souter
isochrysum
as good as gold (name of an eye salve)
isofion
fumitory
Dioscorides, A. Souter
iuncus odoratus
sweet rush

Go [Index]

J, j

juncus odoratus
sweet rush

Go [Index]

K, k

Go [Index]

L, l

lac, lactis, (fem.)
milk
Horace
lactuca, -ae, (fem.)
lettuce; check for association with 'lac', milk
..., et ideo lactucis nomen a lacte.
Pliny, Historia Naturalis, Liber xxviii
Pliny describes lettuces (lactucae), their seeds and planting
lasar = laser; [see laser; silphium]
silphium
A. Souter, p. 227
lasaratum
silphium sauce
A. Souter, p. 227: Apicius
lasaratus
prepared with silphium
A. Souter, p. 227
lapatium
sorrel (Rumex acetosella)
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
laser
asafoetida gum (?Scorodosma foetidum)
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, List of Alimenta, Vol. I
laserpitium; [also see: lasar; laser; silphium]
asafoetida
Ferula assa-foetida or Ferula silphium
the gum was called laser?
Habitat: Persia, Media, Armenia
J.I. Miller, p. 100
Celsus, Spencer, p.xxxviii-xxxix, List of Medicamenta, Vol. II
lasimsaph
bugloss
Libyan: A. Souter, p. 227
latirida
berry of Daphne cnidium
A. Souter, p. 227
lax
purslane
Dacian; A. Souter, p.228
leontocaron [also see: melosmon, neptunia>
hulwort
A. Souter p.229
leontos spermon
=leontopodium
A. Souter p.229
leporinus
of hare's skin, kind of lettuce whose juice cures burns
A. Souter p.229
leptocaryon
a nut with a thin shell
A. Souter p.229
leptopetalon
Leontopetalon
A. Souter p.229
lertum
a vegetable
A. Souter p.230
lethe
poppy
A. Souter p.230
leucadion
a plant
A. Souter p.230
leucantos
pennyroyal
A. Souter p.230
leuce
poplar, white
A. Souter p.230
leucofris
Artemisia
A. Souter p.230
leucozomus
with white sauce
Apicius
A. Souter p.230
leuisticum
lovage, a medicinal plant
A. Souter p.230
lexiua, -ae, (fem.?); lixivvm
eye wash
A. Souter p.230
linodrios
germander (Greek)
Dioscorides; A. Souter p.233
lumemulium
(?)pounded thorn
lustrago
holy vervain

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M, m

macarinte
rosemary
malva
mallow
(?) Malva silvestria
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, List of Alimenta, Vol. I
mandragoras
Mayapple
(?)Podophyllum peltatum (L.)
mandragoreticus
Mayapple
(?)Podophyllum peltatum (L.)
mandragoricum
Mayapple
(?)Podophyllum peltatum (L.)
mandragoricus
Mayapple
(?)Podophyllum peltatum (L.)
marum
marum (Cat-thyme (?))
Teucrium marum (L.)
mauraria
(?)edderwort
Dioscorides, A. Souter p.245
meconitis
a kind of spurge
melanthion
black cumin
melilitus
melilot
Trigonella graeca
J.I. Miller
melosmon [also see: leontocaron, neptunia]
hulwort
A. Souter p.248
mentha
1. green mint, spearmint (Mentha viridis)
2. Bergamot-mint (Mentha aquatica)
3. peppermint (Mentha piperita)
4. fleabane, pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium)
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, List of Alimenta, Vol. I
micron
houseleek
milicinus
of millet
miliaria, -ae
vervain
mira
salvia
mirra = myrrha; mvrra
myrrh
mischus
seed of poplar, elm, etc.
A. Souter p.253
moneaeum
plum, damson
A. Souter p.256
mortalitas
a pestilence
A. Souter p.257
mortariolum
small mortar
A. Souter p.257
mosylitis
cassia
Greek, A. Souter p.257
mosylon
cinnamon, best kind of
Greek, A. Souter p.257
moto
a kind of cinnamon
Greek, A. Souter p.257
murra, -ae, (fem.)
myrrh
muscus
moss

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N, n

nacafton
fragant Indian bark used as a spice
Dioscorides, A. Souter, p.262
nacosthon
rosemary
Egyptian, A. Souter, p.262
napus
navew
Brassica napa
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, List of Alimenta, Vol. I
nardum 'Creticum'
nard, mountain
Valeriana tuberosa (L.)
Habitat: Cilicia, Syria
J.I. Miller, p.116
nardum gallicum, [also see: saliunca]
nard, Celtic
Valeriana celtica (L.)
J.I. Miller, p.116
nardum silvestre
nard, wild
Asarum europaeum (L.)
Habitat: Crete (?)
J.I. Miller, p.116
also see 'carpesium', under 'un-named'
nasturcium
cress (Lepidum sativum)
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, List of alimenta, Vol. I; (quod nasum torquet; Pliny)
nepeta
catmint, Cataria
Nepeta cataria (L.)
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
neptunia [also see: leontocaron, melosmon]
hulwort
A. Souter p.264

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O, o

oblamenia
black byrony
Dioscorides; A. Souter, p. 270
ocimumm
basil (cultivated)
Ocimum basilicum (L.)
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
orinda
sort of bread
Apicius, A. Souter
origanus
pot marjoram
orior
rennet
A. Souter, p. 301
ornigarus
a preventive of the growth of hair
orobet(h)ron
leontopetalum
orobus
bitter vetch, chickpea
oros
whey
ortozelus
ground-pine
oxymel, -mellis (n.); oxymel, oxymelitis (n.)
vinegar honey, honeyed vinegar
Pliny, Historia Naturalis, Liber xxviii

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P, p

palalia
cyclamen
Egyptian, A. Souter
palatha
cake of preserved fruit
Greek
A. Souter, p.283
palladium
a plant [seems to be from the Greek for 'leontopodion']
palolu cupinum
rye grass; (lolivm perenne)
Dioscorides, A. Souter, p. 283
palumbaris
holy vervain
panagorace
plant with healing and diuretic properties
Dynamid, A. Souter, p.283
panaces
all-heal; Hercules' woundwort
A. Souter, p.283
panchroma
verbena
papaver
poppy (seed)
Papaver somniferum (L.)
parcelalon
leonpetalon
parietaria, -ae
another name for 'herba perdicalis'
A. Souter, p.287
partenicon
Artemisia scoparia
parthia
dog's-tooth grass
Dacian, A. Souter, p.287
passarius
kind of fig; seemed to = callistrvthivs
A. Souter, p.289
pasta
a plant used medicinally
Pliny, A. Souter, p.289
pastinaca
parsnip (probably including carrots)
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
pastinacium
a carrot
A. Souter
patricalis
vervain, ironwort
pedero
chervil
peganon
rue
pempemthar
vervain
Egyptian, A. Souter, p.291
personacia herba
burdock
A. Souter, p.299
pessarium
pessary
A. Souter, p.301
pessulum
pessary
A. Souter, p.301
pessum
pessary
A. Souter, p.301
petrocopos
saxifrage
A. Souter, p.301
petroselinum
= petrosilinon
A. Souter, p.301
petroselinus
= petroselinum
A. Souter, p.301
petrosilinon
= petrolselinon
A. Souter, p.301
phacoptisana
decoction of lentils and barley
A. Souter, p.301
phaeos
an eye salve
A. Souter, p.302
pharmaceuticus
concerning drugs
A. Souter, p.302
pharmaceutria
sorceress
A. Souter, p.302
pharmacodes
medicinal
A. Souter, p.302
pharmacum
poison; medicine, drug
A. Souter, p.302
phaselaria, -orum, (neut. pl.)
perserved beans
A. Souter, p.302
phaselus, -i, (masc.) (or fem.)
kidney bean
Phasiana, -ae, (fem.)
pheasant (hen)
Phasianus, -i, (masc.)
pheasant (cock)
phegus; [also see, figus]
oak
A. Souter, p.302
phoeniceus
date palm
phu; [also see: Creticum]
a nard, Pontic nard - Valeriana dioscoridis (?)
'another wild nard' - Valeriana phu (L.)
J.I. Miller, p.116
piper
pepper [black & white], (Piper nigrum, album)
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
pixinon
birthwort
Aristochia serpentaria (L.)
porrum
leek
Allium Porrum
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
portulaca
purslane (Portulaca oloracea)
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
ptelea
elm
Dioscorides, A. Souter, p.333
pteriga
hound's-tongue
pterion
water-wort
ptisana
barley-gruel
pulegium, -ii, (neut.); [also: pulejum, -ii, (neut.)]
fleabane, pennyroyal
Cicero, Cassell
pulicare
fleawort
pulicaris, adj.
of fleawort
puluis
a thorny plant
pyrethrum
Bachelor's button = herba muralis, pellitory
Pyrethrum parthenion
root is hot, used for toothache
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
pyron agrion
lesser celandine

Go [Index]

Q, q

quercus, -us (fem.)
oak tree; oak-leaf crown; acorns

Go [Index]

R, r

rabia
rabies (the disease)
Radicula; [also see: radix, icis, (fem.)]
radish (Raphanus sativus)
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I; Horace, Cassell
radix, icis, (fem.); [also see: Radicula]
radish (Raphanus sativus)
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I; Horace, Cassell
radix dulce
liquorice
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
radix pontica
Turkey rhubarb (Rheum Ponticum)
Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
radix pyrethri
pellitory 'of Spain', Spanish camomile
Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.)
from North Africa: Barbary
J. I. Miller
ranunculus, -i, (masc.)
plant - perhaps 'crowfoot'
Pliny, Cassell
rapum
turnip or rape (Brassica rapa)
Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
regia
a plant = basilisca?
rhoa (also, rhoea)?
unripe pomegrante
r(h)odomel, -i, ?
rosehoney
riborasta
burdock
Dacian
robur, -oris (neut.); also, robus, -oris (neut.)
oak timber, hardwood
ruta, -ae, fem.
rue (Ruta graveolens)
from Greek?
Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I; Cicero, Cassell
rutaceus, -ius
of rue
A. Souter, p.359
rutatus, -a,-um (adj.)
flavoured with rue
Martial, Cassell p. 495

Go [Index]

S, s

saliginosus
where willows grow
Dioscorides, A. Souter
salix
chastetree?
A. Souter, p. 362
saliuaris herba
pellitory
Dioscorides, A. Souter
saliunca, [also see: nardum gallicum]
nard, Celtic
Valeriana celtica (L.)
J.I. Miller, p.116
salpho
teasel
Ostanian, A. Souter
sambucineus (adj.)
of elder
sampharetica
a kind of spikenard, camel hay
Greek
Dioscorides, A. Souter, p. 363
Samia, -ae, ?
perhaps a kind of cake
A. Souter, p. 363
sanaria
saxifrage
Dioscorides, A. Souter
sandonicum (also, sant- )
wormwood, wormwood-seed
sanguinamem
a kind of blood pudding
sapo
soap (Teutonic, saip; OE sape; check for association to 'sebum')
(Check for connection to Sapis River --> Sabis, Sapis, Savis)
A. Souter, p.303
saraca
black hellebore
Dioscorides, A. Souter
satanaria
sulphurwort
=> Greek
A. Souter, p.365
satureia
savory, wild savory (?)
Satureia thymbra
Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
saucum [or, perhaps saucus]
elder tree
A. Souter, p. 365
saxifraga, -ae
saxifage [compare to saxifragia's meaning]
A. Souter, p. 365
saxifragia
saxifagia [compare to saxifraga's meaning]
Pliny, A. Souter, p. 365
scamonia, -ae, (fem.) (?)
scammony (?)
scelerata: as in herba scelerata
ranunculus
sceparnon
ironwort
Greek
sceuasia, -ae
recipe
Greek
sciare
teasel
Dacian, A. Souter
scilla
squill or sea leek
Urginea maritima
Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
selinofillon
maidenhair
selinus = selinon
parsley
A. Souter p.371
seme
curly dock
A. Souter p.371
septigrania = lathryis
caper-spurge
A. Souter p. 374
serpullum
thyme
serraca
wild lettuce
seru = servm
whey
seseli, sil, siler
meadow saxifrage, seseli (cultivated)
Tordylium officinale (L.)
silphium; [also see: laserpitium]
asafoetida (=same type of spice plant as)
supposedly disappeared about Nero's time probably from overgrazing, etc.
replaced by Persian laser
mentioned by Apicius, Pliny
J.I. Miller, p.100
sinapis
white mustard (Brassica alba); or, black mustard (Brassica nigra, Koch.)
Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
sipoax
plantain
Dacian; A. Souter, p. 379
siser
skirret, water parnsip, (Sium sisarum)
Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
sisymbrium
bergamot-mint
Mentha aquatica (L.)
solanum
solanum, what Greeks called 'strychnon'
sopoep
birthwort
Aristochia serpentaria (L.)
smyrna, -ae, (fem.); [also see smyrrhiza]
myrrh
Greek
T. Lucretius Carus
Note: Smyrna, -ae, (fem.) = famous trading town in Ionia thought to be the place whence Homer sprang (as noted in Cassell: p. 528, 1958)
smyrrhiza; [also see smyrna]
myrrh

Go [Index]

T, t

tacita, -ae, fem.
spurge laurel
A. Souter, p.412
tagantes
epithet of artemisia = traganthis
A. Souter, p.412
tamarinda
tamarind
Chiron
A. Souter, p.412
tanacipam; [also: tanacitam]
wormwood
A. Souter, p.413
tanacitam; [also:tanacipam]
wormwood
A. Souter, p.413
tanidila
catmint
Dacian; A. Souter, p.413
tanium
wormwood
A. Souter, p.413
tarbidolotius
plantain
Gallic
A. Souter, p.413
tarundu minus
pondweed
Greek
A. Souter, p.413
taurocollum
bull's-hide glue
A. Souter, p.413
taurophthalmon
bull-eyed plant, rosemary; [comments welcomed]
A. Souter, p.413
taxon
yew
A. Souter, p.413
tetharica
plantain (Spain?)
A. Souter, p. 417
terebinthus
terebinth
Pistacia terebinthus (L.)
thya; thyia
arar, Thyine-wood
Tetraclinis articulata (Masters)
from Morocco
J.I. Miller
thymum, -i, (neut.)
thyme
Thymus vulgaris (L.)
tilia, -ae, (fem.)
linden or lime-tree; Vergil
inner bark of the lime-tree; Pliny

Go [Index]

U, u

un-named
Carpesium (from Greek), a nard: Pontic or Cretan Nard
it seems that no Latin word existed (?)
biological classification: Valeriana dioscoridis
apparently from Asia
J.I. Miller, p.113
un-named
nairon (from Greek)
it seems that no Latin word existed (?)
biological classification: unidentified
apparently from Eastern Mediterranean
J.I. Miller, p.116
un-named
narte (from Greek)
it seems that no Latin word existed (?)
biological classification: unidentified
apparently from Eastern Mediterranean
J.I. Miller
unone
Lappa canaria
uoluola, -ae, (fem.)?
bindweed, convolvulus
urtica
stinging nettle (Urtica urens); nettle-tops
Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
usteralis
bergamot-mint
Dioscorides, A. Souter
usuben
spurge-laurel
Gallic
uua canina
hound's-berry
uuum
=sorbum; sorb-apple, service-berry
A. Souter, p.452

Go [Index]

V, v
verbenarum
vervain

Go [Index]

W, w

Go [Index]

X, x

xifia
corn-flag
A Souter, p.452
xiloloton
cinquefoil
A Souter, p.452
xilofiron
(?)comfrey
A Souter, p.452
xilofiron
comfrey
xiphium = xiphion; [also see xifia]
corn-flag
A Souter, p.452
xylocasia
an inferior kind of casia
A Souter, p.452
xylocinnamomum
cinnamon - wood

Go [Index]

Y, y

ydosgeros
(?)groundsel
A. Souter p.453
ynantes
= oenant(h)e; dropwort
A. Souter p.453

Go [Index]

Z, z

zaccario
a plant with sweet flavour
A. Souter, p.453
zea
rosemary
zeclias
knot-grass
Egyptian, A. Souter, p.453
zenzur
=polygonvm; knot-grass
Punic, A. Souter, p.453
zibbir
rosemary
Punic, A. Souter, p.453
zigiss
tufted thyme
Greek
A. Souter, p. 454
zired
Artemisia scoparia
Dacian
A. Souter, p. 454
zizania, -ae (?)
darnel, prob. (?)
A. Souter, p. 454
zizuinnim
vervain
Punic
A. Souter, p. 454
zmyrna
myrrh
A. Souter, p. 454
zomoteganite
dish with boiled fish
Apicus
A. Souter, p. 454
zopyre
name of an antidote after Zopyrus, a Greek physician
A. Souter, p. 454
zubbal
corn-flag
Punic
A. Souter, p. 454
zuccar
sugar
A. Souter, p. 454
zygiberis
wormwood
A. Souter, p. 454

Abbreviations and symbols used

(?)    = perhaps, a guess, uncertain
fem.   = feminine noun
L.     = Linnean classification
masc.  = masculine noun
neut.  = neuter noun
p.     = page
pp.    = pages

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