[NatureNS] two trees to buy a pizza or would we rather a car

Date: Mon, 8 Feb 2016 09:28:54 -0400 (AST)
From: Dusan Soudek <soudekd@ns.sympatico.ca>
To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
References: <076901d1620d$b73dc2b0$25b94810$@ca> <90BFAD36185242B99BEF98A5EAED5D0E@D58WQPH1>
Importance: Medium
Precedence: bulk
Return-Path: <naturens-mml-owner@chebucto.ns.ca>
Original-Recipient: rfc822;"| (cd /csuite/info/Environment/FNSN/MList; /csuite/lib/arch2html)"

next message in archive
next message in thread
previous message in archive
Index of Subjects


<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org=
/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"><html xmlns=3D"http://www.w3.org/1999/xht=
ml"><head>
    <meta content=3D"text/html; charset=3DUTF-8" http-equiv=3D"Content-Type=
"/>
=20
  <style type=3D"text/css">@font-face {  font-family: Cambria Math; }
 @font-face {  font-family: Calibri; }
 @font-face {  font-family: Tahoma; }
 @page WordSection1 { margin: 72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt; }
 P.MsoNormal {  MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif"=
; FONT-SIZE: 12pt;}
 LI.MsoNormal {  MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif=
"; FONT-SIZE: 12pt;}
 DIV.MsoNormal {  MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","seri=
f"; FONT-SIZE: 12pt;}
 A:link {  COLOR: blue; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; }
 SPAN.MsoHyperlink {  COLOR: blue; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; }
 A:visited {  COLOR: purple; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; }
 SPAN.MsoHyperlinkFollowed {  COLOR: purple; TEXT-DECORATION: underline; }
 P.MsoAcetate {  MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; F=
ONT-SIZE: 8pt;  }
 LI.MsoAcetate {  MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif"; =
FONT-SIZE: 8pt;  }
 DIV.MsoAcetate {  MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif";=
 FONT-SIZE: 8pt;  }
 SPAN.EmailStyle17 {  FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"; COLOR: #1f497d; =
}
 SPAN.apple-converted-space {  }
 SPAN.BalloonTextChar {  FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif";   }
 SPAN.EmailStyle21 {  FONT-FAMILY: "Calibri","sans-serif"; COLOR: #1f497d; =
}
 .MsoChpDefault {  FONT-SIZE: 10pt; }
 DIV.WordSection1 {  }
 </style>
=20
 </head><body style=3D"">
=20
  <div>
   =EF=BB=BF&#160;&#160;&#160; To Donna, David, et al;
  </div>=20
  <div>
   one of the&#160;obvious way trees in a forest cooperate is protection ag=
ainst strong winds. A solitary tree is unlikely to withstand windstorms, a =
forest with an intact canopy&#160;usually does. But, on the other hand, the=
re is brutal competition for sunlight in a forest. Taller trees inhibit&#16=
0;the growth of smaller trees, often their conspecifics and even their own =
descendants. Of the millions and millions of seeds a mature tree will produ=
ce over its lifetime, on the average only one will reach maturity...
  </div>=20
  <div>
   &#160;&#160; Dusan Soudek
  </div>=20
  <div>
   &#160;
  </div>=20
  <div>
   &#160;
  </div>=20
  <blockquote style=3D"padding-left: 10px; margin-left: 0px; border-left-co=
lor: blue; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; position: rela=
tive;" type=3D"cite">
   <!-- [if gte mso 9]> -->
   <!-- <![endif] -->
   <!-- [if gte mso 9]> -->
   <!-- <![endif] --> On February 8, 2016 at 8:21 AM David &#38; Alison Web=
ster &#60;dwebster@glinx.com&#62; wrote:
   <br/>
   <br/>=20
   <div>
    Hi Donna &#38; All,&#160;&#160;&#160; &#160;&#160;&#160; &#160;&#160;&#=
160; &#160;&#160;&#160; &#160;&#160;&#160; &#160;&#160;&#160; &#160;&#160;&=
#160; &#160;&#160;&#160; &#160;&#160;&#160; &#160;&#160;&#160; Feb 8, 2016
   </div>=20
   <div>
    &#160;&#160;&#160; The book, The Hidden Life of Trees,&#160;should be i=
nteresting reading.
   </div>=20
   <div>
    &#160;
   </div>=20
   <div>
    &#160;&#160;&#160; But there is nothing mysterious about=20
    <span style=3D"font-family: Calibri;">&#34;...for reasons unknown, keep=
 the ancient stumps of long-felled companions alive for centuries by feedin=
g them a sugar solution through their roots.=E2=80=9D </span>This is root g=
rafting practiced by Spruce sometimes, Hemlock always, Fir sometimes&#160;a=
nd Norway Maple.=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: black; font-family: &#39;C=
alibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 11pt;"></span>&#160;</p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: black; font-family: &#39;C=
alibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 11pt;"><span style=3D"font-fam=
ily: Arial; font-size: medium;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Root&#160;grafting =
is I suspect a reflection of somewhat hostile soil conditions and/or perhap=
s &#39;permanent woodland&#39; such that extension roots tend to follow old=
 root channels as opposed to </span>&#160;<span style=3D"font-family: Arial=
; font-size: medium;">making a new one. When a root cap of tree A meets one=
 of tree B they sometimes (always ?) unite and form a 2-way link. </span></=
span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: black; font-family: &#39;C=
alibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 11pt;">&#160;&#160;&#160; <spa=
n style=3D"font-family: Arial; font-size: medium;">Decades ago I came acros=
s a great example of this at Dean Chapter Lake. The roots of the Spruce for=
est which had been killed by raising the water level for hydro were mostly =
intact but exposed by wash. Every Spruce I saw was attached to two or more =
Spruce by grafting.</span></span></p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: black; font-family: &#39;C=
alibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 11pt;"></span>&#160;</p>=20
    <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color: black; font-family: &#39;C=
alibri&#39;,&#39;sans-serif&#39;; font-size: 11pt;"><span style=3D"font-fam=
ily: Arial; font-size: medium;">Yt, Dave Webster, Kentville</span></span></=
p>=20
   </div>=20
   <blockquote style=3D"padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 5px; margin-right=
: 0px; margin-left: 5px; border-left-color: #000000; border-left-width: 2px=
; border-left-style: solid;">=20
    <div style=3D"font: 10pt/normal arial; font-size-adjust: none; font-str=
etch: normal;">
     ----- Original Message -----
    </div>=20
    <div style=3D"background: #e4e4e4; font: 10pt/normal arial; font-size-a=
djust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-color: black;">
     <strong>From:</strong>=20
     Donna Crossland
    </div>=20
    <div style=3D"font: 10pt/normal arial; font-size-adjust: none; font-str=
etch: normal;">
     <strong>To:</strong>=20
     naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
    </div>=20
    <div style=3D"font: 10pt/normal arial; font-size-adjust: none; font-str=
etch: normal;">
     <strong>Sent:</strong> Sunday, February 07, 2016 9:11 PM
    </div>=20
    <div style